We want to share an important update regarding California’s Zero-Emission Forklift (ZEF) regulation—specifically, a change that affects businesses using propane and other internal combustion forklifts.
What Is the ZEF Regulation?
Last year, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) adopted the ZEF regulation to reduce air pollution from forklifts that run on fossil fuels like propane. The goal is to transition to cleaner, zero-emission forklifts—such as battery-electric or hydrogen fuel-cell models—which are already widely used and offer lower fuel and maintenance costs.
The rule applies to forklift owners, rental agencies, dealers, and manufacturers. It was originally approved in September 2024 and set to start phasing in soon after.
What’s New?
CARB has officially delayed enforcement of the regulation.
Why? Because CARB must first receive authorization from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) before it can enforce the rule under federal law. This process is still pending.
What this means for you right now:
If you’re a forklift fleet owner, you do not have to comply with the new ZEF requirements until the EPA grants approval.
If you’re a manufacturer, dealer, or rental agency, you can continue to sell, offer, and rent internal combustion forklifts (like propane-powered models) in California, as long as they meet existing state and federal standards.
CARB will not penalize businesses for sales or use of these forklifts that occur before EPA approval is granted.
Can I Still Prepare for the Future?
Yes. While the rule isn’t enforceable yet, CARB is encouraging businesses to start planning ahead. They’ve updated their online reporting system to allow voluntary compliance. So if you want to get ahead of the curve and start transitioning your fleet, you’re welcome to do so. Big Joe can help you make the best decisions for converting your fleet.
What Happens Next?
CARB will issue another public notice once the EPA gives the green light. Until then, there’s no requirement to change your forklift operations—but it’s smart to stay informed and plan for the eventual shift to zero-emission equipment.
Have Questions?
The CARB team is available to help. Reach out to them at zeforklifts@arb.ca.gov if you have any questions about how this impacts your business or how to start preparing.
Final Thoughts
California is moving toward a cleaner future, but for now, businesses can continue operating as usual with propane and other internal combustion forklifts. We’ll keep you updated as soon as new developments happen.
If you are looking to make the switch to electric early, don’t hesitate to reach out to us below. We can help you make the most cost-effective switch for your material handling fleet.
